二元二次不等式 x²+2xy+y²+5x+ay+b>0 的参数探究
2016-01-14 04:50
本 GeoGebra 范例探讨二元二次不等式 x² + 2xy + y² + 5x + ay + b > 0 的解集与参数 a、b 之间的关系。由于 x² + 2xy + y² = (x+y)²,该不等式可化为 (x+y)² + 5x + ay + b > 0,涉及完全平方式与线性项的组合。通过动态作图,展示参数变化时不等式解集在坐标平面上的区域形态,结合菱形、正三角形等几何构造与正切线分析,帮助理解二次不等式的几何意义及参数约束条件,适用于高中或大学解析几何与不等式优化教学。
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<geogebra format="5.0" version="5.0.175.0" id="aa24fbfb-fcaf-4b13-be5d-f0fe78a783bf" xsi:noNamespaceSchemaLocation="http://www.geogebra.org/ggb.xsd" xmlns="" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" >
<gui>
<window width="951" height="721" />
<perspectives>
<perspective id="tmp">
<panes>
<pane location="" divider="0.6898002103049422" orientation="1" />
</panes>
<views>
<view id="8" toolbar="1001 | 1002 | 1003 || 1005 | 1004 || 1006 | 1007 | 1010 || 1008 1009 || 66 68 || 6" visible="false" inframe="false" stylebar="false" location="1,3,3" size="300" window="100,100,600,400" />
<view id="4" toolbar="0 || 2020 , 2021 , 2022 , 66 || 2001 , 2003 , 2002 , 2004 , 2005 || 2040 , 2041 , 2042 , 2044 , 2043" visible="false" inframe="false" stylebar="true" location="1,1" size="300" window="100,100,600,400" />
<view id="2" visible="false" inframe="false" stylebar="false" location="1,0" size="267" window="100,100,250,400" />
<view id="1" visible="true" inframe="false" stylebar="false" location="1" size="275" window="100,100,600,400" />
<view id="16" visible="false" inframe="false" stylebar="false" location="1" size="150" window="50,50,500,500" />
<view id="32" visible="false" inframe="false" stylebar="true" location="1" size="150" window="50,50,500,500" />
<view id="64" toolbar="0" visible="false" inframe="true" stylebar="true" location="1" size="150" window="50,50,500,500" />
<view id="4097" visible="false" inframe="false" stylebar="true" location="1" size="391" window="100,100,700,550" />
<view id="70" toolbar="0 || 2020 || 2021 || 2022" visible="false" inframe="true" stylebar="true" location="1" size="150" window="50,50,500,500" />
<view id="512" toolbar="0 | 1 501 5 19 , 67 | 2 15 45 18 , 7 37 | 514 3 9 , 13 44 , 47 | 16 | 551 550 11 , 20 22 21 23 , 55 56 57 , 12 | 69 | 510 511 , 512 513 | 533 531 , 534 532 , 522 523 , 537 536 , 535 | 521 520 | 36 , 38 49 560 | 571 30 29 570 31 33 | 17 | 540 40 41 42 , 27 28 35 , 6 , 502" visible="true" inframe="false" stylebar="false" location="3" size="656" window="100,100,600,400" />
</views>
<toolbar show="true" items="0 39 | 1 501 67 , 5 19 , 72 | 2 15 45 , 18 65 , 7 37 | 4 3 8 9 , 13 44 , 58 , 47 | 16 51 64 , 70 | 10 34 53 11 , 24 20 22 , 21 23 | 55 56 57 , 12 | 36 46 , 38 49 50 , 71 | 30 29 54 32 31 33 | 17 26 62 73 , 14 68 | 25 52 60 61 | 40 41 42 , 27 28 35 , 6" position="1" help="false" />
<input show="true" cmd="true" top="algebra" />
<dockBar show="true" east="true" />
</perspective>
</perspectives>
<labelingStyle val="3"/>
<font size="12"/>
</gui>
<euclidianView>
<viewNumber viewNo="1"/>
<size width="275" height="594"/>
<coordSystem xZero="51.7316505760467" yZero="317.13493459363593" scale="31.133457230351556" yscale="31.133463394968945"/>
<evSettings axes="true" grid="false" gridIsBold="false" pointCapturing="3" rightAngleStyle="1" checkboxSize="26" gridType="0"/>
<bgColor r="255" g="255" b="255"/>
<axesColor r="0" g="0" b="0"/>
<gridColor r="192" g="192" b="192"/>
<lineStyle axes="1" grid="10"/>
<axis id="0" show="true" label="" unitLabel="" tickStyle="1" showNumbers="true" tickDistance="NaN"/>
<axis id="1" show="true" label="" unitLabel="" tickStyle="1" showNumbers="true" tickDistance="NaN"/>
</euclidianView>
<kernel>
<uses3D val="true"/>
<continuous val="false"/>
<usePathAndRegionParameters val="true"/>
<decimals val="2"/>
<angleUnit val="degree"/>
<algebraStyle val="0"/>
<coordStyle val="0"/>
<angleFromInvTrig val="false"/>
</kernel>
<scripting blocked="false" disabled="false"/>
<euclidianView3D>
<coordSystem xZero="0.0" yZero="0.0" zZero="-1.5" scale="50.0" xAngle="18.0" zAngle="42.0"/>
<evSettings axes="true" grid="false" gridIsBold="false" pointCapturing="3" rightAngleStyle="1" gridType="0"/>
<axis id="0" show="true" label="" unitLabel="" tickStyle="2" showNumbers="false"/>
<axis id="1" show="true" label="" unitLabel="" tickStyle="2" showNumbers="false"/>
<axis id="2" show="true" label="" unitLabel="" tickStyle="2" showNumbers="false" positiveAxis="true"/>
<plate show="true"/>
<bgColor r="255" g="255" b="255"/>
<clipping use="true" show="true" size="1"/>
<projection type="1"/>
</euclidianView3D>
<construction title="" author="" date="">
<element type="numeric" label="a">
<value val="5.0"/>
<show object="false" label="true"/>
<objColor r="0" g="0" b="0" alpha="0.1"/>
<layer val="0"/>
<labelMode val="1"/>
<animation step="0.1" speed="1" type="0" playing="false"/>
</element>
<element type="numeric" label="b">
<value val="8.034279110561688"/>
<show object="false" label="true"/>
<objColor r="0" g="0" b="0" alpha="0.1"/>
<layer val="0"/>
<labelMode val="1"/>
<animation step="0.1" speed="1" type="0" playing="false"/>
</element>
<expression label="f" exp="f(x, y) = x^(2) + ((2 * x) * y) + y^(2) + (5 * x) + (a * y) + b" />
<element type="functionNVar" label="f">
<show object="true" label="false" ev="4"/>
<objColor r="255" g="0" b="0" alpha="0.75"/>
<layer val="0"/>
<labelMode val="0"/>
<selectionAllowed val="false"/>
</element>
<command name="Point">
<input a0="yAxis"/>
<output a0="A"/>
</command>
<element type="point" label="A">
<show object="true" label="false" ev="4"/>
<objColor r="255" g="255" b="0" alpha="0.0"/>
<layer val="0"/>
<labelMode val="0"/>
<animation step="0.1" speed="1" type="1" playing="false"/>
<coords x="0.0" y="-1.765664506110661" z="1.0"/>
<coordStyle style="cartesian3d"/>
<pointSize val="5"/>
<pointStyle val="0"/>
</element>
<expression label="c" exp="y = y(A)" type="plane" />
<element type="plane3d" label="c">
<show object="true" label="false" ev="4"/>
<objColor r="153" g="204" b="255" alpha="0.5"/>
<layer val="0"/>
<labelMode val="0"/>
<selectionAllowed val="false"/>
<coords x="0.0" y="1.0" z="0.0" w="1.765664506110661"/>
<fading val="0.1"/>
</element>
<expression label="d" exp="z = x^(2) + ((2 * x) * y) + y^(2) + (5 * x) + (a * y) + b" type="quadric" />
<element type="quadric" label="d">
<show object="true" label="false" ev="4"/>
<objColor r="204" g="0" b="0" alpha="0.75"/>
<layer val="0"/>
<labelMode val="0"/>
<selectionAllowed val="false"/>
<lineStyle thickness="2" type="0" typeHidden="1"/>
<matrix A0="-1.0" A1="-1.0" A2="0.0" A3="-8.034279110561688" A4="-1.0" A5="0.0" A6="0.0" A7="-2.5" A8="-2.5" A9="0.5"/>
</element>
<command name="IntersectPath">
<input a0="c" a1="d"/>
<output a0="e"/>
</command>
<element type="conic3d" label="e">
<show object="true" label="false" ev="4"/>
<objColor r="128" g="0" b="128" alpha="0.0"/>
<layer val="0"/>
<labelMode val="0"/>
<selectionAllowed val="false"/>
<lineStyle thickness="5" type="0" typeHidden="2"/>
<eigenvectors x0="-0.0" y0="-1.0" z0="1.0" x1="-1.0" y1="0.0" z1="1.0"/>
<matrix A0="-1.0" A1="0.0" A2="-2.323527728147387" A3="0.0" A4="0.7343354938893389" A5="-0.5"/>
<eqnStyle style="implicit"/>
<lineStyle thickness="5" type="0" typeHidden="2"/>
</element>
<command name="Point">
<input a0="xAxis"/>
<output a0="B"/>
</command>
<element type="point" label="B">
<show object="true" label="false" ev="8"/>
<objColor r="125" g="125" b="255" alpha="0.0"/>
<layer val="0"/>
<labelMode val="0"/>
<animation step="0.1" speed="1" type="1" playing="false"/>
<coords x="5.0" y="0.0" z="1.0"/>
<pointSize val="5"/>
<pointStyle val="0"/>
</element>
<command name="Point">
<input a0="Line[B, B + (0, 1)]"/>
<output a0="C"/>
</command>
<element type="point" label="C">
<show object="true" label="false" ev="8"/>
<objColor r="255" g="0" b="0" alpha="0.0"/>
<layer val="0"/>
<labelMode val="0"/>
<animation step="0.1" speed="1" type="1" playing="false"/>
<ggbscript onUpdate="SetValue[a, x(C)] SetValue[b, y(C)]"/>
<coords x="5.0" y="8.034279110561688" z="1.0"/>
<pointSize val="5"/>
<pointStyle val="0"/>
</element>
<expression label ="g" exp="g:x = 5" type="line"/>
<element type="line" label="g">
<show object="true" label="false" ev="8"/>
<objColor r="255" g="0" b="0" alpha="0.0"/>
<layer val="0"/>
<labelMode val="0"/>
<animation step="0.1" speed="1" type="0" playing="false"/>
<coords x="1.0" y="0.0" z="-5.0"/>
<lineStyle thickness="2" type="10" typeHidden="1"/>
<eqnStyle style="implicit"/>
</element>
<expression label ="h" exp="h:y = 25 / 4" type="line"/>
<element type="line" label="h">
<show object="true" label="false" ev="8"/>
<objColor r="0" g="0" b="0" alpha="0.0"/>
<layer val="0"/>
<labelMode val="0"/>
<animation step="0.1" speed="1" type="0" playing="false"/>
<coords x="0.0" y="1.0" z="-6.25"/>
<lineStyle thickness="2" type="10" typeHidden="2"/>
<eqnStyle style="explicit"/>
</element>
<expression label="text1" exp=""a=" + (LaTeX[a]) + "\\b=" + (LaTeX[b]) + """ />
<element type="text" label="text1">
<show object="true" label="false" ev="20"/>
<objColor r="0" g="0" b="0" alpha="0.0"/>
<layer val="0"/>
<labelMode val="0"/>
<selectionAllowed val="false"/>
<isLaTeX val="true"/>
<font serif="true" sizeM="1.0" size="0" style="0"/>
<startPoint exp="C"/>
<labelOffset x="-27" y="14"/>
</element>
</construction>
</geogebra>